A scientist
Name: Marsha.Hmiel
Date: 06/02/2013
Instructor’s Name: Robert Carter
Assignment: SCIE207 Phase 5 Lab Report
Title: Taxonomy Lab to Show Organism Relationships
Instructions: You will need to fill out the data table and answer a set of questions.
When your lab report is complete, post it in Submitted Assignment files.
Part 1: Using the lab animation, fill in the following data tables to help you answer the questions that follow:
Table 1: Samples 1–5
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Phylum/Division
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Sample 1: Chrysophyta
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Sample 2: Annelida
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Sample 3: Arthropoda
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Sample 4: Amphibia
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Sample 5: Aves
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Common Feature
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Nutrition
How does the organism break down and absorb food?
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Autotrophic
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Heterotrophic – Earthworms eat their way through dirt, so they are detritivores.
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Heterotrophic – Some are vegetarian, some are carnivorous, and some are decomposers.
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Heterotrophic – These are usually vegetarian as tadpoles and carnivores as adults.
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Heterotrophic
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Circulatory System (Transport)
How does the organism get what it needs to cells (open, closed, diffusion only)?
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Diffusion only
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Closed with 5 aortic arches (hearts)
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Open circulatory system with a heart pumping hemolymph
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Closed with 3-chambered heart
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Closed with 4 – chambered heart
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Respiratory System
How does the organism get oxygen and release carbon dioxide?
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Diffusion only
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Diffusion through skin
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Diffusion through tracheal tubes
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Diffusion through gills as a tadpole and through lungs and skin (especially) as adults
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Diffusion through the lungs
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Reproductive System
Does the organism use asexual or sexual reproduction (eggs, seeds, spores, placenta, type of fertilization)?
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Asexual
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Hermaphrodites: One body has both sexes Sexual: His special organ called clitellum that moves from the front of the worm to the rear and then falls off, containing the eggs
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Sexual: Mostly internal fertilization
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Sexual: Mostly external fertilization; must be in water or very moist area
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Sexual: Eggs; internal
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Excretory System
How does the organism get rid of wastes and maintain an ionic balance of fluids?
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Diffusion
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Nephridia in each segment; solid waste. Exits through the anus
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Malpighian tubeles
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Kidneys, intestines, anus
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Kidneys, intestines, anus
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Growth and Development
Does the organism go through metamorphosis, develop in an egg or uterus, or grow from seeds?
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Start as small cells; grow bigger until division
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Start out as fertilized eggs, hatch into little worms that continue to grow, and then mature sexually into adults
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Complete (egg, larvae, pupae, adult) or incomplete (egg, nymph, adult) metamorphosis
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Metamorphosis; Egg, tadpole, adult
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Develop in egg
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Regulation
How does the organism control body processes (hormones, nervous system)?
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The nucleus directs protein synthesis. Euglena have eye spots that can detect light
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Tiny anterior brain, ganglia, and the nerve cord runs the length of the body
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Tiny anterior brain, nerve cord, ganglia, and extremely well-developed sensory organs
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Brain, nervous system, good reflexes
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Nervous and endocrine systems
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Sample organism
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Phytoplankton
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Earthworm
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Fruitfly
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Frog
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Bird
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Table 2: Samples 6–10
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Phylum/Division
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Sample 6: Reptilians
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Sample 7: Mammalia
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Sample 8: Bryophyta
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Sample 9:
Gymnosperm
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Sample 10: Angiosperm
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Common Feature
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Nutrition
How does the organism break down and absorb food?
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Heterotrophic – Covered with scales
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Heterotrophic – Nuture their young with milk
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Autotrophic – Nonvascular plants
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Autotrophic – Have needles and seeds but no flowers
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Autotrophic – Have flowers
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Circulatory System (Transport)
How does the organism get what it needs to cells (open, closed, diffusion only)?
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Closed with 4 – chamber heart
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Closed with 4 – chamber heart
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Diffusion through cell walls and cell membranes
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Xylem and phloem
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Xylem and phloem
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Respiratory System
How does the organism get oxygen and release carbon dioxide?
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Diffusion through the lungs
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Diffusion through the lungs
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Diffusion through cell membranes
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Diffusion through stomata
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Diffusion through stomata
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Reproductive System
Does the organism use asexual or sexual reproduction (eggs, seeds, spores, placenta, type of fertilization)?
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Sexual: Eggs; internal
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Sexual: Placental, in-uterus development (internal)
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Sexual: Alternation of generations. Must be in a moist area for the sperm to swim to the egg
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Sexual: Alternation of generations. Pollen is the male sex cell
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Sexual: Alternation of generations. Pollen is the male sex cell
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Sexual: Excretory System
How does the organism get rid of wastes and maintain an ionic balance of fluids?
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Kidneys, intestines, anus
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Kidneys, intestines, anus
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None
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None
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None
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Growth and Development
Does the organism go through metamorphosis, develop in an egg or uterus, or grow from seeds?
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Develop in eggs
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Develop in-uterus
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Spores, not seeds
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Naked seeds in cones
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Seeds protected in pods, shells, fruit, and so forth
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Regulation
How does the organism control body processes (hormones, nervous system)?
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Nervous and endocrine systems
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Big brain; well-developed nervous system and endocrine system
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none
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Hormones in apical bud, root, and stem
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Hormones in apical bud, root, stem, and leaves
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Sample organism
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Snake
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Cat
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Moss
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Pine Tree
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Rose
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Part 2: Using the completed data table, answer the following questions:
- What is common among all samples?
- What is common among organisms from samples 1, 9, and 10?
- What is common between the circulatory system of organisms from samples 5, 6, and 7, but different in organisms from sample 4?
- What is common in the respiration system of organisms from samples 2 and 4?
- What gas is delivered to the respiratory system of organisms from samples 1, 9, and 10? Why?
- Which organisms are producers?
- Which organisms are decomposers?
- Look at the surface of your hand. You will see the skin and hair made up of protein called keratin. Which organisms did humans inherit that protein from?
- Which organisms have blood?
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